Ideas into evidence,
evidence into action

Transitioning Jakarta’s climate governance from a fragmented, compliance-oriented system to an integrated, outcome-driven framework.

Jakarta has established an ambitious climate governance framework through Pergub 90/2021, including the MABI delivery team and targets to reduce emissions by 30–50% below 2010 levels by 2030 and achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. However, fragmented governance and monitoring, evaluation, and reporting (MER) systems continue to limit delivery. Climate outcomes are not consistently linked to sectoral indicators, agencies face overlapping reporting requirements, data remains siloed, and limited institutional capacity constrains effective monitoring and learning. These challenges are further compounded by political and budgeting uncertainties, weak cross-sectoral coordination, and fragmented approaches to inclusive climate action.

The report proposes shifting Jakarta’s climate governance from a compliance-oriented model toward an integrated, outcome-driven framework. Key recommendations include restructuring the MER system around sectoral outcome trackers, using the SIGRK dashboard to streamline reporting, reorganizing MABI around sectoral priorities, establishing stronger permanent and expert MER capacity, and embedding inclusive climate action into core planning processes. These reforms should be implemented progressively through quick-win pilots in 2026–2027, expanded cross-sectoral authority in 2027–2029, and institutionalized through a permanent regulatory framework by 2029–2030, with climate metrics embedded in RPJMD, RKPD, and agency performance plans to strengthen accountability and continuity.

At the end of 2025, we asked ourselves: how do we know if we’re making a difference?

This report is our attempt to answer that, not with flashy numbers, but with honest stories, early signals, and the behind-the-scenes work that makes real reforms possible.

Inside, you’ll find:

• How we’ve worked with policymakers to turn big ideas into real plans
• What happens when we bring people who rarely meet into the same room
• Why we doubled down on storytelling through The Reformist to make space for critique and curiosity, beyond the noise of algorithms
• How our bootcamps and fellowships gave public professionals space to reflect, question, and grow, especially those shaping change from within

It’s not a victory lap. It’s a learning journal.

And we’re sharing it because we believe better policy needs better process, and that starts with sharing our work.

Indonesia may have relatively free and open elections. But democracy does not end at the ballot box.

A healthy democracy also depends on what happens between elections: who can challenge power, how decisions are scrutinised, and whether citizens have a meaningful seat at the policymaking table. Today, with virtually no opposition within government and limited space for public participation, Indonesia’s system risks losing the checks and balances that have been central to the post-Reformasi era.

This paper examines what this means for policymaking in Indonesia—and sets out a practical framework for strengthening democratic checks and public participation.

Indonesia is moving fast on AI. The harder question is whether our policies, institutions, and people can keep up, and what kind of AI-powered future we want to build in the first place.

This country report presents key insights from a multi-stakeholder AI Policy Dialogue Series co-hosted by the Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia and the British Embassy Jakarta, supported by Think Policy. It brings together perspectives from over 100 participants across government, industry, academia, and civil society to map Indonesia’s progress, challenges, and opportunities in governing Artificial Intelligence (AI) across 6 strategic sectors: e-commerce, banking and finance, healthcare, education, creative economy, and sustainability.

By unpacking Indonesia’s AI readiness through six critical building blocks, including digital governance, talent, infrastructure, and ethics, this report offers actionable recommendations to foster inclusive, responsive, and future-proof AI governance. As AI becomes increasingly integrated into public and private life, this dialogue-driven approach underscores the importance of trust, collaboration, and adaptive policymaking in shaping Indonesia’s digital transformation.

Good policy should not only reach the grassroots, it should learn from them.

For ultra-micro entrepreneurs, the gap between policy ambition and everyday reality can determine whether an opportunity becomes a livelihood or remains out of reach.

This policy brief is Think Policy’s contribution to strengthening the bridge between national policy and the realities faced by ultra-micro entrepreneurs on the ground—a segment that has long been a backbone of the people’s economy, yet often remains on the margins of digitalisation and access to finance. Prepared for Amartha and informed by cross-sector discussions, this brief maps systemic gaps and proposes collaborative strategies to strengthen entrepreneurship literacy, technology adoption, and financial inclusion for ultra-micro enterprises.

By examining existing government programmes and identifying implementation challenges from a grassroots perspective, the report calls for a more practical, contextual, and sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem. Its recommendations range from strengthening entrepreneurship curricula and digital mentoring, to expanding access to alternative financing and developing a national evaluation framework.

Because if we want the grassroots economy to grow, policy must be able to grow from the ground up.

Indonesia has no shortage of climate commitments. The question is what happens when those commitments meet the country’s development priorities.

Indonesia in Transition looks at Indonesia’s climate policy after the 2024 election, with a focus on how the new administration’s Asta Cita agenda may shape the country’s climate commitments and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

The report brings together regulatory analysis, institutional mapping, and perspectives from across government, development partners, and civil society. It looks at where climate and development priorities can move together, where trade-offs are likely to emerge, and what this means for Indonesia’s low-carbon transition.

The report provides a basis for more focused collaboration—particularly on the policies, institutions, and partnerships needed to turn climate commitments into action.

Indonesia’s digital transformation has changed how people live, work, and connect. But has it changed people’s lives for the better?

This report looks back at a decade of Indonesia’s digital transformation, from 2014 to 2024, tracing what has changed, what has worked, and what remains unresolved. Developed with the Ministry of Communication and Informatics and supported by PROSPERA, it looks at the growth of the digital economy, the rapid expansion of internet access, and the social changes that have come with widespread digitalisation.

More than a record of progress, the report asks some harder questions: has Indonesia’s digital transformation been inclusive, empowering, and trusted? Drawing on data, case studies, and institutional analysis, it puts forward nine strategic recommendations to help make the next phase of Indonesia’s digital transformation more meaningful, people-centred, collaborative, and sustainable.

Climate action only works if it works for the people living with its impacts.

This policy brief sets out a practical roadmap for making Inclusive Climate Action (ICA) part of how Jakarta plans, budgets, implements, and evaluates its climate policies. Working with BAPPEDA, regional agencies, and other stakeholders, Think Policy and C40 developed a Jakarta-specific ICA Checklist to help ensure that climate action is not only effective, but also fair and inclusive.

The brief identifies where ICA can be built into Jakarta’s existing governance system, from regulations and institutional roles to planning and capacity building. It looks in particular at opportunities within the annual RKPD cycle and participatory forums such as Musrenbang, and proposes a phased approach to putting these principles into practice—from Governor’s decrees today to deeper integration into the RPJMD over time.

The goal is straightforward, to make equity part of how Jakarta does climate policy, not an afterthought to it.